33. Calling REST Services with RestTemplate

33. Calling REST Services with `RestTemplate`
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33. Calling REST Services with `RestTemplate`

If you need to call remote REST services from your application, you can use the Spring Framework’s RestTemplate class. Since RestTemplate instances often need to be customized before being used, Spring Boot does not provide any single auto-configured RestTemplate bean. It does, however, auto-configure a RestTemplateBuilder, which can be used to create RestTemplate instances when needed. The auto-configured RestTemplateBuilder ensures that sensible HttpMessageConverters are applied to RestTemplate instances.

The following code shows a typical example:

@Service
public class MyService {

	private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

	public MyBean(RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder) {
		this.restTemplate = restTemplateBuilder.build();
	}

	public Details someRestCall(String name) {
		return this.restTemplate.getForObject("/{name}/details", Details.class, name);
	}

}

	Tip
	`RestTemplateBuilder` includes a number of useful methods that can be used to quickly configure a `RestTemplate`. For example, to add BASIC auth support, you can use `builder.basicAuthorization("user", "password").build()`.

33.1 RestTemplate Customization

There are three main approaches to RestTemplate customization, depending on how broadly you want the customizations to apply.

To make the scope of any customizations as narrow as possible, inject the auto-configured RestTemplateBuilder and then call its methods as required. Each method call returns a new RestTemplateBuilder instance, so the customizations only affect this use of the builder.

To make an application-wide, additive customization, use a RestTemplateCustomizer bean. All such beans are automatically registered with the auto-configured RestTemplateBuilder and are applied to any templates that are built with it.

The following example shows a customizer that configures the use of a proxy for all hosts except 192.168.0.5:

static class ProxyCustomizer implements RestTemplateCustomizer {

	@Override
	public void customize(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
		HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("proxy.example.com");
		HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create()
				.setRoutePlanner(new DefaultProxyRoutePlanner(proxy) {

					@Override
					public HttpHost determineProxy(HttpHost target,
							HttpRequest request, HttpContext context)
									throws HttpException {
						if (target.getHostName().equals("192.168.0.5")) {
							return null;
						}
						return super.determineProxy(target, request, context);
					}

				}).build();
		restTemplate.setRequestFactory(
				new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient));
	}

}

Finally, the most extreme (and rarely used) option is to create your own RestTemplateBuilder bean. Doing so switches off the auto-configuration of a RestTemplateBuilder and prevents any RestTemplateCustomizer beans from being used.

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