3.2.8

Google Cloud Functions

The Google Cloud Functions adapter enables Spring Cloud Function apps to run on the Google Cloud Functions serverless platform. You can either run the function locally using the open source Google Functions Framework for Java or on GCP.

Project Dependencies

Start by adding the spring-cloud-function-adapter-gcp dependency to your project.

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-cloud-function-adapter-gcp</artifactId>
	</dependency>

	...
</dependencies>

In addition, add the spring-boot-maven-plugin which will build the JAR of the function to deploy.

Notice that we also reference spring-cloud-function-adapter-gcp as a dependency of the spring-boot-maven-plugin. This is necessary because it modifies the plugin to package your function in the correct JAR format for deployment on Google Cloud Functions. 
<plugin>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
	<configuration>
		<outputDirectory>target/deploy</outputDirectory>
	</configuration>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-function-adapter-gcp</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</plugin>

Finally, add the Maven plugin provided as part of the Google Functions Framework for Java. This allows you to test your functions locally via mvn function:run.

The function target should always be set to org.springframework.cloud.function.adapter.gcp.GcfJarLauncher; this is an adapter class which acts as the entry point to your Spring Cloud Function from the Google Cloud Functions platform. 
<plugin>
	<groupId>com.google.cloud.functions</groupId>
	<artifactId>function-maven-plugin</artifactId>
	<version>0.9.1</version>
	<configuration>
		<functionTarget>org.springframework.cloud.function.adapter.gcp.GcfJarLauncher</functionTarget>
		<port>8080</port>
	</configuration>
</plugin>

A full example of a working pom.xml can be found in the Spring Cloud Functions GCP sample.

HTTP Functions

Google Cloud Functions supports deploying HTTP Functions, which are functions that are invoked by HTTP request. The sections below describe instructions for deploying a Spring Cloud Function as an HTTP Function.

Getting Started

Let’s start with a simple Spring Cloud Function example:

@SpringBootApplication
public class CloudFunctionMain {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(CloudFunctionMain.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public Function<String, String> uppercase() {
		return value -> value.toUpperCase();
	}
}

Specify your configuration main class in resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF.

Main-Class: com.example.CloudFunctionMain

Then run the function locally. This is provided by the Google Cloud Functions function-maven-plugin described in the project dependencies section.

mvn function:run

Invoke the HTTP function:

curl http://localhost:8080/ -d "hello"
Deploy to GCP

Start by packaging your application.

mvn package

If you added the custom spring-boot-maven-plugin plugin defined above, you should see the resulting JAR in target/deploy directory. This JAR is correctly formatted for deployment to Google Cloud Functions.

Next, make sure that you have the Cloud SDK CLI installed.

From the project base directory run the following command to deploy.

gcloud functions deploy function-sample-gcp-http \
--entry-point org.springframework.cloud.function.adapter.gcp.GcfJarLauncher \
--runtime java11 \
--trigger-http \
--source target/deploy \
--memory 512MB

Invoke the HTTP function:

curl https://REGION-PROJECT_ID.cloudfunctions.net/function-sample-gcp-http -d "hello"

Background Functions

Google Cloud Functions also supports deploying Background Functions which are invoked indirectly in response to an event, such as a message on a Cloud Pub/Sub topic, a change in a Cloud Storage bucket, or a Firebase event.

The spring-cloud-function-adapter-gcp allows for functions to be deployed as background functions as well.

The sections below describe the process for writing a Cloud Pub/Sub topic background function. However, there are a number of different event types that can trigger a background function to execute which are not discussed here; these are described in the Background Function triggers documentation.

Getting Started

Let’s start with a simple Spring Cloud Function which will run as a GCF background function:

@SpringBootApplication
public class BackgroundFunctionMain {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(BackgroundFunctionMain.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public Consumer<PubSubMessage> pubSubFunction() {
		return message -> System.out.println("The Pub/Sub message data: " + message.getData());
	}
}

In addition, create PubSubMessage class in the project with the below definition. This class represents the Pub/Sub event structure which gets passed to your function on a Pub/Sub topic event.

public class PubSubMessage {

	private String data;

	private Map<String, String> attributes;

	private String messageId;

	private String publishTime;

	public String getData() {
		return data;
	}

	public void setData(String data) {
		this.data = data;
	}

	public Map<String, String> getAttributes() {
		return attributes;
	}

	public void setAttributes(Map<String, String> attributes) {
		this.attributes = attributes;
	}

	public String getMessageId() {
		return messageId;
	}

	public void setMessageId(String messageId) {
		this.messageId = messageId;
	}

	public String getPublishTime() {
		return publishTime;
	}

	public void setPublishTime(String publishTime) {
		this.publishTime = publishTime;
	}

}

Specify your configuration main class in resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF.

Main-Class: com.example.BackgroundFunctionMain

Then run the function locally. This is provided by the Google Cloud Functions function-maven-plugin described in the project dependencies section.

mvn function:run

Invoke the HTTP function:

curl localhost:8080 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"data":"hello"}'

Verify that the function was invoked by viewing the logs.

Deploy to GCP

In order to deploy your background function to GCP, first package your application.

mvn package

If you added the custom spring-boot-maven-plugin plugin defined above, you should see the resulting JAR in target/deploy directory. This JAR is correctly formatted for deployment to Google Cloud Functions.

Next, make sure that you have the Cloud SDK CLI installed.

From the project base directory run the following command to deploy.

gcloud functions deploy function-sample-gcp-background \
--entry-point org.springframework.cloud.function.adapter.gcp.GcfJarLauncher \
--runtime java11 \
--trigger-topic my-functions-topic \
--source target/deploy \
--memory 512MB

Google Cloud Function will now invoke the function every time a message is published to the topic specified by --trigger-topic.

For a walkthrough on testing and verifying your background function, see the instructions for running the GCF Background Function sample.

Sample Functions

The project provides the following sample functions as reference: