Spring Framework Reference Documentation
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Spring Framework Reference Documentation

Authors

Rod Johnson , Juergen Hoeller , Keith Donald , Colin Sampaleanu , Rob Harrop , Thomas Risberg , Alef Arendsen , Darren Davison , Dmitriy Kopylenko , Mark Pollack , Thierry Templier , Erwin Vervaet , Portia Tung , Ben Hale , Adrian Colyer , John Lewis , Costin Leau , Mark Fisher , Sam Brannen , Ramnivas Laddad , Arjen Poutsma , Chris Beams , Tareq Abedrabbo , Andy Clement , Dave Syer , Oliver Gierke , Rossen Stoyanchev , Phillip Webb , Rob Winch , Brian Clozel , Stephane Nicoll , Sebastien Deleuze

4.1.1.RELEASE

Copyright © 2004-2014

Copies of this document may be made for your own use and for distribution to others, provided that you do not charge any fee for such copies and further provided that each copy contains this Copyright Notice, whether distributed in print or electronically.

Table of Contents

I. Overview of Spring Framework
1. Getting Started With Spring
2. Introduction to Spring Framework
2.1. Dependency Injection and Inversion of Control
2.2. Modules
2.2.1. Core Container
2.2.2. AOP and Instrumentation
2.2.3. Messaging
2.2.4. Data Access/Integration
2.2.5. Web
2.2.6. Test
2.3. Usage scenarios
2.3.1. Dependency Management and Naming Conventions
Spring Dependencies and Depending on Spring
Maven Dependency Management
Maven "Bill Of Materials" Dependency
Gradle Dependency Management
Ivy Dependency Management
Distribution Zip Files
2.3.2. Logging
Not Using Commons Logging
Using SLF4J
Using Log4J
II. What’s New in Spring Framework 4.x
3. New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 4.0
3.1. Improved Getting Started Experience
3.2. Removed Deprecated Packages and Methods
3.3. Java 8 (as well as 6 and 7)
3.4. Java EE 6 and 7
3.5. Groovy Bean Definition DSL
3.6. Core Container Improvements
3.7. General Web Improvements
3.8. WebSocket, SockJS, and STOMP Messaging
3.9. Testing Improvements
4. New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 4.1
4.1. JMS Improvements
4.2. Caching Improvements
4.3. Web Improvements
4.4. WebSocket STOMP Messaging Improvements
4.5. Testing Improvements
III. Core Technologies
5. The IoC container
5.1. Introduction to the Spring IoC container and beans
5.2. Container overview
5.2.1. Configuration metadata
5.2.2. Instantiating a container
Composing XML-based configuration metadata
5.2.3. Using the container
5.3. Bean overview
5.3.1. Naming beans
Aliasing a bean outside the bean definition
5.3.2. Instantiating beans
Instantiation with a constructor
Instantiation with a static factory method
Instantiation using an instance factory method
5.4. Dependencies
5.4.1. Dependency injection
Constructor-based dependency injection
Setter-based dependency injection
Dependency resolution process
Examples of dependency injection
5.4.2. Dependencies and configuration in detail
Straight values (primitives, Strings, and so on)
References to other beans (collaborators)
Inner beans
Collections
Null and empty string values
XML shortcut with the p-namespace
XML shortcut with the c-namespace
Compound property names
5.4.3. Using depends-on
5.4.4. Lazy-initialized beans
5.4.5. Autowiring collaborators
Limitations and disadvantages of autowiring
Excluding a bean from autowiring
5.4.6. Method injection
Lookup method injection
Arbitrary method replacement
5.5. Bean scopes
5.5.1. The singleton scope
5.5.2. The prototype scope
5.5.3. Singleton beans with prototype-bean dependencies
5.5.4. Request, session, and global session scopes
Initial web configuration
Request scope
Session scope
Global session scope
Application scope
Scoped beans as dependencies
5.5.5. Custom scopes
Creating a custom scope
Using a custom scope
5.6. Customizing the nature of a bean
5.6.1. Lifecycle callbacks
Initialization callbacks
Destruction callbacks
Default initialization and destroy methods
Combining lifecycle mechanisms
Startup and shutdown callbacks
Shutting down the Spring IoC container gracefully in non-web applications
5.6.2. ApplicationContextAware and BeanNameAware
5.6.3. Other Aware interfaces
5.7. Bean definition inheritance
5.8. Container Extension Points
5.8.1. Customizing beans using a BeanPostProcessor
Example: Hello World, BeanPostProcessor-style
Example: The RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
5.8.2. Customizing configuration metadata with a BeanFactoryPostProcessor
Example: the Class name substitution PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer
Example: the PropertyOverrideConfigurer
5.8.3. Customizing instantiation logic with a FactoryBean
5.9. Annotation-based container configuration
5.9.1. @Required
5.9.2. @Autowired
5.9.3. Fine-tuning annotation-based autowiring with qualifiers
5.9.4. Using generics as autowiring qualifiers
5.9.5. CustomAutowireConfigurer
5.9.6. @Resource
5.9.7. @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy
5.10. Classpath scanning and managed components
5.10.1. @Component and further stereotype annotations
5.10.2. Meta-annotations
5.10.3. Automatically detecting classes and registering bean definitions
5.10.4. Using filters to customize scanning
5.10.5. Defining bean metadata within components
5.10.6. Naming autodetected components
5.10.7. Providing a scope for autodetected components
5.10.8. Providing qualifier metadata with annotations
5.11. Using JSR 330 Standard Annotations
5.11.1. Dependency Injection with @Inject and @Named
5.11.2. @Named: a standard equivalent to the @Component annotation
5.11.3. Limitations of the standard approach
5.12. Java-based container configuration
5.12.1. Basic concepts: @Bean and @Configuration
5.12.2. Instantiating the Spring container using AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
Simple construction
Building the container programmatically using register(Class<?>…)
Enabling component scanning with scan(String…)
Support for web applications with AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
5.12.3. Using the @Bean annotation
Declaring a bean
Receiving lifecycle callbacks
Specifying bean scope
Customizing bean naming
Bean aliasing
Bean description
5.12.4. Using the @Configuration annotation
Injecting inter-bean dependencies
Lookup method injection
Further information about how Java-based configuration works internally
5.12.5. Composing Java-based configurations
Using the @Import annotation
Conditionally including @Configuration classes or @Beans
Combining Java and XML configuration
5.13. Environment abstraction
5.13.1. Bean definition profiles
@Profile
5.13.2. XML Bean definition profiles
Enabling a profile
Default profile
5.13.3. PropertySource Abstraction
5.13.4. @PropertySource
5.13.5. Placeholder resolution in statements
5.14. Registering a LoadTimeWeaver
5.15. Additional Capabilities of the ApplicationContext
5.15.1. Internationalization using MessageSource
5.15.2. Standard and Custom Events
5.15.3. Convenient access to low-level resources
5.15.4. Convenient ApplicationContext instantiation for web applications
5.15.5. Deploying a Spring ApplicationContext as a Java EE RAR file
5.16. The BeanFactory
5.16.1. BeanFactory or ApplicationContext?
5.16.2. Glue code and the evil singleton
6. Resources
6.1. Introduction
6.2. The Resource interface
6.3. Built-in Resource implementations
6.3.1. UrlResource
6.3.2. ClassPathResource
6.3.3. FileSystemResource
6.3.4. ServletContextResource
6.3.5. InputStreamResource
6.3.6. ByteArrayResource
6.4. The ResourceLoader
6.5. The ResourceLoaderAware interface
6.6. Resources as dependencies
6.7. Application contexts and Resource paths
6.7.1. Constructing application contexts
Constructing ClassPathXmlApplicationContext instances - shortcuts
6.7.2. Wildcards in application context constructor resource paths
Ant-style Patterns
The Classpath*: portability classpath*: prefix
Other notes relating to wildcards
6.7.3. FileSystemResource caveats
7. Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Validation using Spring’s Validator interface
7.3. Resolving codes to error messages
7.4. Bean manipulation and the BeanWrapper
7.4.1. Setting and getting basic and nested properties
7.4.2. Built-in PropertyEditor implementations
Registering additional custom PropertyEditors
7.5. Spring Type Conversion
7.5.1. Converter SPI
7.5.2. ConverterFactory
7.5.3. GenericConverter
ConditionalGenericConverter
7.5.4. ConversionService API
7.5.5. Configuring a ConversionService
7.5.6. Using a ConversionService programmatically
7.6. Spring Field Formatting
7.6.1. Formatter SPI
7.6.2. Annotation-driven Formatting
Format Annotation API
7.6.3. FormatterRegistry SPI
7.6.4. FormatterRegistrar SPI
7.6.5. Configuring Formatting in Spring MVC
7.7. Configuring a global date & time format
7.8. Spring Validation
7.8.1. Overview of the JSR-303 Bean Validation API
7.8.2. Configuring a Bean Validation Provider
Injecting a Validator
Configuring Custom Constraints
Spring-driven Method Validation
Additional Configuration Options
7.8.3. Configuring a DataBinder
7.8.4. Spring MVC 3 Validation
Triggering @Controller Input Validation
Configuring a Validator for use by Spring MVC
Configuring a JSR-303/JSR-349 Validator for use by Spring MVC
8. Spring Expression Language (SpEL)
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Feature Overview
8.3. Expression Evaluation using Spring’s Expression Interface
8.3.1. The EvaluationContext interface
Type Conversion
8.3.2. Parser configuration
8.3.3. SpEL compilation
Compiler configuration
Compiler limitations
8.4. Expression support for defining bean definitions
8.4.1. XML based configuration
8.4.2. Annotation-based configuration
8.5. Language Reference
8.5.1. Literal expressions
8.5.2. Properties, Arrays, Lists, Maps, Indexers
8.5.3. Inline lists
8.5.4. Inline Maps
8.5.5. Array construction
8.5.6. Methods
8.5.7. Operators
Relational operators
Logical operators
Mathematical operators
8.5.8. Assignment
8.5.9. Types
8.5.10. Constructors
8.5.11. Variables
The #this and #root variables
8.5.12. Functions
8.5.13. Bean references
8.5.14. Ternary Operator (If-Then-Else)
8.5.15. The Elvis Operator
8.5.16. Safe Navigation operator
8.5.17. Collection Selection
8.5.18. Collection Projection
8.5.19. Expression templating
8.6. Classes used in the examples
9. Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring
9.1. Introduction
9.1.1. AOP concepts
9.1.2. Spring AOP capabilities and goals
9.1.3. AOP Proxies
9.2. @AspectJ support
9.2.1. Enabling @AspectJ Support
Enabling @AspectJ Support with Java configuration
Enabling @AspectJ Support with XML configuration
9.2.2. Declaring an aspect
9.2.3. Declaring a pointcut
Supported Pointcut Designators
Combining pointcut expressions
Sharing common pointcut definitions
Examples
Writing good pointcuts
9.2.4. Declaring advice
Before advice
After returning advice
After throwing advice
After (finally) advice
Around advice
Advice parameters
Advice ordering
9.2.5. Introductions
9.2.6. Aspect instantiation models
9.2.7. Example
9.3. Schema-based AOP support
9.3.1. Declaring an aspect
9.3.2. Declaring a pointcut
9.3.3. Declaring advice
Before advice
After returning advice
After throwing advice
After (finally) advice
Around advice
Advice parameters
Advice ordering
9.3.4. Introductions
9.3.5. Aspect instantiation models
9.3.6. Advisors
9.3.7. Example
9.4. Choosing which AOP declaration style to use
9.4.1. Spring AOP or full AspectJ?
9.4.2. @AspectJ or XML for Spring AOP?
9.5. Mixing aspect types
9.6. Proxying mechanisms
9.6.1. Understanding AOP proxies
9.7. Programmatic creation of @AspectJ Proxies
9.8. Using AspectJ with Spring applications
9.8.1. Using AspectJ to dependency inject domain objects with Spring
Unit testing @Configurable objects
Working with multiple application contexts
9.8.2. Other Spring aspects for AspectJ
9.8.3. Configuring AspectJ aspects using Spring IoC
9.8.4. Load-time weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework
A first example
Aspects
META-INF/aop.xml
Required libraries (JARS)
Spring configuration
Environment-specific configuration
9.9. Further Resources
10. Spring AOP APIs
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Pointcut API in Spring
10.2.1. Concepts
10.2.2. Operations on pointcuts
10.2.3. AspectJ expression pointcuts
10.2.4. Convenience pointcut implementations
Static pointcuts
Dynamic pointcuts
10.2.5. Pointcut superclasses
10.2.6. Custom pointcuts
10.3. Advice API in Spring
10.3.1. Advice lifecycles
10.3.2. Advice types in Spring
Interception around advice
Before advice
Throws advice
After Returning advice
Introduction advice
10.4. Advisor API in Spring
10.5. Using the ProxyFactoryBean to create AOP proxies
10.5.1. Basics
10.5.2. JavaBean properties
10.5.3. JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies
10.5.4. Proxying interfaces
10.5.5. Proxying classes
10.5.6. Using global advisors
10.6. Concise proxy definitions
10.7. Creating AOP proxies programmatically with the ProxyFactory
10.8. Manipulating advised objects
10.9. Using the "auto-proxy" facility
10.9.1. Autoproxy bean definitions
BeanNameAutoProxyCreator
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
10.9.2. Using metadata-driven auto-proxying
10.10. Using TargetSources
10.10.1. Hot swappable target sources
10.10.2. Pooling target sources
10.10.3. Prototype target sources
10.10.4. ThreadLocal target sources
10.11. Defining new Advice types
10.12. Further resources
11. Testing
11.1. Introduction to Spring Testing
11.2. Unit Testing
11.2.1. Mock Objects
Environment
JNDI
Servlet API
Portlet API
11.2.2. Unit Testing support Classes
General utilities
Spring MVC
11.3. Integration Testing
11.3.1. Overview
11.3.2. Goals of Integration Testing
Context management and caching
Dependency Injection of test fixtures
Transaction management
Support classes for integration testing
11.3.3. JDBC Testing Support
11.3.4. Annotations
Spring Testing Annotations
Standard Annotation Support
Spring JUnit Testing Annotations
Meta-Annotation Support for Testing
11.3.5. Spring TestContext Framework
Key abstractions
TestExecutionListener configuration
Context management
Dependency injection of test fixtures
Testing request and session scoped beans
Transaction management
Executing SQL scripts
TestContext Framework support classes
11.3.6. Spring MVC Test Framework
Server-Side Tests
Client-Side REST Tests
11.3.7. PetClinic Example
11.4. Further Resources
IV. Data Access
12. Transaction Management
12.1. Introduction to Spring Framework transaction management
12.2. Advantages of the Spring Framework’s transaction support model
12.2.1. Global transactions
12.2.2. Local transactions
12.2.3. Spring Framework’s consistent programming model
12.3. Understanding the Spring Framework transaction abstraction
12.4. Synchronizing resources with transactions
12.4.1. High-level synchronization approach
12.4.2. Low-level synchronization approach
12.4.3. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy
12.5. Declarative transaction management
12.5.1. Understanding the Spring Framework’s declarative transaction implementation
12.5.2. Example of declarative transaction implementation
12.5.3. Rolling back a declarative transaction
12.5.4. Configuring different transactional semantics for different beans
12.5.5. <tx:advice/> settings
12.5.6. Using @Transactional
@Transactional settings
Multiple Transaction Managers with @Transactional
Custom shortcut annotations
12.5.7. Transaction propagation
Required
RequiresNew
Nested
12.5.8. Advising transactional operations
12.5.9. Using @Transactional with AspectJ
12.6. Programmatic transaction management
12.6.1. Using the TransactionTemplate
Specifying transaction settings
12.6.2. Using the PlatformTransactionManager
12.7. Choosing between programmatic and declarative transaction management
12.8. Application server-specific integration
12.8.1. IBM WebSphere
12.8.2. Oracle WebLogic Server
12.9. Solutions to common problems
12.9.1. Use of the wrong transaction manager for a specific DataSource
12.10. Further Resources
13. DAO support
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Consistent exception hierarchy
13.3. Annotations used for configuring DAO or Repository classes
14. Data access with JDBC
14.1. Introduction to Spring Framework JDBC
14.1.1. Choosing an approach for JDBC database access
14.1.2. Package hierarchy
14.2. Using the JDBC core classes to control basic JDBC processing and error handling
14.2.1. JdbcTemplate
Examples of JdbcTemplate class usage
JdbcTemplate best practices
14.2.2. NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
14.2.3. SQLExceptionTranslator
14.2.4. Executing statements
14.2.5. Running queries
14.2.6. Updating the database
14.2.7. Retrieving auto-generated keys
14.3. Controlling database connections
14.3.1. DataSource
14.3.2. DataSourceUtils
14.3.3. SmartDataSource
14.3.4. AbstractDataSource
14.3.5. SingleConnectionDataSource
14.3.6. DriverManagerDataSource
14.3.7. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy
14.3.8. DataSourceTransactionManager
14.3.9. NativeJdbcExtractor
14.4. JDBC batch operations
14.4.1. Basic batch operations with the JdbcTemplate
14.4.2. Batch operations with a List of objects
14.4.3. Batch operations with multiple batches
14.5. Simplifying JDBC operations with the SimpleJdbc classes
14.5.1. Inserting data using SimpleJdbcInsert
14.5.2. Retrieving auto-generated keys using SimpleJdbcInsert
14.5.3. Specifying columns for a SimpleJdbcInsert
14.5.4. Using SqlParameterSource to provide parameter values
14.5.5. Calling a stored procedure with SimpleJdbcCall
14.5.6. Explicitly declaring parameters to use for a SimpleJdbcCall
14.5.7. How to define SqlParameters
14.5.8. Calling a stored function using SimpleJdbcCall
14.5.9. Returning ResultSet/REF Cursor from a SimpleJdbcCall
14.6. Modeling JDBC operations as Java objects
14.6.1. SqlQuery
14.6.2. MappingSqlQuery
14.6.3. SqlUpdate
14.6.4. StoredProcedure
14.7. Common problems with parameter and data value handling
14.7.1. Providing SQL type information for parameters
14.7.2. Handling BLOB and CLOB objects
14.7.3. Passing in lists of values for IN clause
14.7.4. Handling complex types for stored procedure calls
14.8. Embedded database support
14.8.1. Why use an embedded database?
14.8.2. Creating an embedded database instance using Spring XML
14.8.3. Creating an embedded database instance programmatically
14.8.4. Extending the embedded database support
14.8.5. Using HSQL
14.8.6. Using H2
14.8.7. Using Derby
14.8.8. Testing data access logic with an embedded database
14.9. Initializing a DataSource
14.9.1. Initializing a database instance using Spring XML
Initialization of Other Components that Depend on the Database
15. Object Relational Mapping (ORM) Data Access
15.1. Introduction to ORM with Spring
15.2. General ORM integration considerations
15.2.1. Resource and transaction management
15.2.2. Exception translation
15.3. Hibernate
15.3.1. SessionFactory setup in a Spring container
15.3.2. Implementing DAOs based on plain Hibernate 3 API
15.3.3. Declarative transaction demarcation
15.3.4. Programmatic transaction demarcation
15.3.5. Transaction management strategies
15.3.6. Comparing container-managed and locally defined resources
15.3.7. Spurious application server warnings with Hibernate
15.4. JDO
15.4.1. PersistenceManagerFactory setup
15.4.2. Implementing DAOs based on the plain JDO API
15.4.3. Transaction management
15.4.4. JdoDialect
15.5. JPA
15.5.1. Three options for JPA setup in a Spring environment
LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean
Obtaining an EntityManagerFactory from JNDI
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean
Dealing with multiple persistence units
15.5.2. Implementing DAOs based on plain JPA
15.5.3. Transaction Management
15.5.4. JpaDialect
16. Marshalling XML using O/X Mappers
16.1. Introduction
16.1.1. Ease of configuration
16.1.2. Consistent Interfaces
16.1.3. Consistent Exception Hierarchy
16.2. Marshaller and Unmarshaller
16.2.1. Marshaller
16.2.2. Unmarshaller
16.2.3. XmlMappingException
16.3. Using Marshaller and Unmarshaller
16.4. XML Schema-based Configuration
16.5. JAXB
16.5.1. Jaxb2Marshaller
XML Schema-based Configuration
16.6. Castor
16.6.1. CastorMarshaller
16.6.2. Mapping
XML Schema-based Configuration
16.7. XMLBeans
16.7.1. XmlBeansMarshaller
XML Schema-based Configuration
16.8. JiBX
16.8.1. JibxMarshaller
XML Schema-based Configuration
16.9. XStream
16.9.1. XStreamMarshaller
V. The Web
17. Web MVC framework
17.1. Introduction to Spring Web MVC framework
17.1.1. Features of Spring Web MVC
17.1.2. Pluggability of other MVC implementations
17.2. The DispatcherServlet
17.2.1. Special Bean Types In the WebApplicationContext
17.2.2. Default DispatcherServlet Configuration
17.2.3. DispatcherServlet Processing Sequence
17.3. Implementing Controllers
17.3.1. Defining a controller with @Controller
17.3.2. Mapping Requests With @RequestMapping
@Controller's and AOP Proxying
New Support Classes for @RequestMapping methods in Spring MVC 3.1
URI Template Patterns
URI Template Patterns with Regular Expressions
Path Patterns
Path Pattern Comparison
Path Patterns with Placeholders
Path Pattern Matching By Suffix
Matrix Variables
Consumable Media Types
Producible Media Types
Request Parameters and Header Values
17.3.3. Defining @RequestMapping handler methods
Supported method argument types
Supported method return types
Binding request parameters to method parameters with @RequestParam
Mapping the request body with the @RequestBody annotation
Mapping the response body with the @ResponseBody annotation
Creating REST Controllers with the @RestController annotation
Using HttpEntity
Using @ModelAttribute on a method
Using @ModelAttribute on a method argument
Using @SessionAttributes to store model attributes in the HTTP session between requests
Specifying redirect and flash attributes
Working with "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" data
Mapping cookie values with the @CookieValue annotation
Mapping request header attributes with the @RequestHeader annotation
Method Parameters And Type Conversion
Customizing WebDataBinder initialization
Support for the Last-Modified Response Header To Facilitate Content Caching
Advising controllers with the @ControllerAdvice annotation
Jackson Serialization View Support
Jackson JSONP Support
17.3.4. Asynchronous Request Processing
Exception Handling for Async Requests
Intercepting Async Requests
Configuration for Async Request Processing
17.3.5. Testing Controllers
17.4. Handler mappings
17.4.1. Intercepting requests with a HandlerInterceptor
17.5. Resolving views
17.5.1. Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface
17.5.2. Chaining ViewResolvers
17.5.3. Redirecting to views
RedirectView
The redirect: prefix
The forward: prefix
17.5.4. ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
17.6. Using flash attributes
17.7. Building URIs
17.7.1. Building URIs to Controllers and methods
17.7.2. Building URIs to Controllers and methods from views
17.8. Using locales
17.8.1. Obtaining Time Zone Information
17.8.2. AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver
17.8.3. CookieLocaleResolver
17.8.4. SessionLocaleResolver
17.8.5. LocaleChangeInterceptor
17.9. Using themes
17.9.1. Overview of themes
17.9.2. Defining themes
17.9.3. Theme resolvers
17.10. Spring’s multipart (file upload) support
17.10.1. Introduction
17.10.2. Using a MultipartResolver with Commons FileUpload
17.10.3. Using a MultipartResolver with Servlet 3.0
17.10.4. Handling a file upload in a form
17.10.5. Handling a file upload request from programmatic clients
17.11. Handling exceptions
17.11.1. HandlerExceptionResolver
17.11.2. @ExceptionHandler
17.11.3. Handling Standard Spring MVC Exceptions
17.11.4. Annotating Business Exceptions With @ResponseStatus
17.11.5. Customizing the Default Servlet Container Error Page
17.12. Web Security
17.13. Convention over configuration support
17.13.1. The Controller ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping
17.13.2. The Model ModelMap (ModelAndView)
17.13.3. The View - RequestToViewNameTranslator
17.14. ETag support
17.15. Code-based Servlet container initialization
17.16. Configuring Spring MVC
17.16.1. Enabling the MVC Java Config or the MVC XML Namespace
17.16.2. Customizing the Provided Configuration
17.16.3. Interceptors
17.16.4. Content Negotiation
17.16.5. View Controllers
17.16.6. View Resolvers
17.16.7. Serving of Resources
17.16.8. Falling Back On the "Default" Servlet To Serve Resources
17.16.9. Path Matching
17.16.10. Advanced Customizations with MVC Java Config
17.16.11. Advanced Customizations with the MVC Namespace
18. View technologies
18.1. Introduction
18.2. JSP & JSTL
18.2.1. View resolvers
18.2.2. Plain-old JSPs versus JSTL
18.2.3. Additional tags facilitating development
18.2.4. Using Spring’s form tag library
Configuration
The form tag
The input tag
The checkbox tag
The checkboxes tag
The radiobutton tag
The radiobuttons tag
The password tag
The select tag
The option tag
The options tag
The textarea tag
The hidden tag
The errors tag
HTTP Method Conversion
HTML5 Tags
18.3. Tiles
18.3.1. Dependencies
18.3.2. How to integrate Tiles
UrlBasedViewResolver
ResourceBundleViewResolver
SimpleSpringPreparerFactory and SpringBeanPreparerFactory
18.4. Velocity & FreeMarker
18.4.1. Dependencies
18.4.2. Context configuration
18.4.3. Creating templates
18.4.4. Advanced configuration
velocity.properties
FreeMarker
18.4.5. Bind support and form handling
The bind macros
Simple binding
Form input generation macros
HTML escaping and XHTML compliance
18.5. XSLT
18.5.1. My First Words
Bean definitions
Standard MVC controller code
Convert the model data to XML
Defining the view properties
Document transformation
18.5.2. Summary
18.6. Document views (PDF/Excel)
18.6.1. Introduction
18.6.2. Configuration and setup
Document view definitions
Controller code
Subclassing for Excel views
Subclassing for PDF views
18.7. JasperReports
18.7.1. Dependencies
18.7.2. Configuration
Configuring the ViewResolver
Configuring the Views
About Report Files
Using JasperReportsMultiFormatView
18.7.3. Populating the ModelAndView
18.7.4. Working with Sub-Reports
Configuring Sub-Report Files
Configuring Sub-Report Data Sources
18.7.5. Configuring Exporter Parameters
18.8. Feed Views
18.9. XML Marshalling View
18.10. JSON Mapping View
18.11. XML Mapping View
19. Integrating with other web frameworks
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Common configuration
19.3. JavaServer Faces 1.2
19.3.1. SpringBeanFacesELResolver (JSF 1.2+)
19.3.2. FacesContextUtils
19.4. Apache Struts 2.x
19.5. Tapestry 5.x
19.6. Further Resources
20. Portlet MVC Framework
20.1. Introduction
20.1.1. Controllers - The C in MVC
20.1.2. Views - The V in MVC
20.1.3. Web-scoped beans
20.2. The DispatcherPortlet
20.3. The ViewRendererServlet
20.4. Controllers
20.4.1. AbstractController and PortletContentGenerator
20.4.2. Other simple controllers
20.4.3. Command Controllers
20.4.4. PortletWrappingController
20.5. Handler mappings
20.5.1. PortletModeHandlerMapping
20.5.2. ParameterHandlerMapping
20.5.3. PortletModeParameterHandlerMapping
20.5.4. Adding HandlerInterceptors
20.5.5. HandlerInterceptorAdapter
20.5.6. ParameterMappingInterceptor
20.6. Views and resolving them
20.7. Multipart (file upload) support
20.7.1. Using the PortletMultipartResolver
20.7.2. Handling a file upload in a form
20.8. Handling exceptions
20.9. Annotation-based controller configuration
20.9.1. Setting up the dispatcher for annotation support
20.9.2. Defining a controller with @Controller
20.9.3. Mapping requests with @RequestMapping
20.9.4. Supported handler method arguments
20.9.5. Binding request parameters to method parameters with @RequestParam
20.9.6. Providing a link to data from the model with @ModelAttribute
20.9.7. Specifying attributes to store in a Session with @SessionAttributes
20.9.8. Customizing WebDataBinder initialization
Customizing data binding with @InitBinder
Configuring a custom WebBindingInitializer
20.10. Portlet application deployment
21. WebSocket Support
21.1. Introduction
21.1.1. WebSocket Fallback Options
21.1.2. A Messaging Architecture
21.1.3. Sub-Protocol Support in WebSocket
21.1.4. Should I Use WebSocket?
21.2. WebSocket API
21.2.1. Create and Configure a WebSocketHandler
21.2.2. Customizing the WebSocket Handshake
21.2.3. WebSocketHandler Decoration
21.2.4. Deployment Considerations
21.2.5. Configuring the WebSocket Engine
21.3. SockJS Fallback Options
21.3.1. Overview of SockJS
21.3.2. Enable SockJS
21.3.3. HTTP Streaming in IE 8, 9: Ajax/XHR vs IFrame
21.3.4. Heartbeat Messages
21.3.5. Servlet 3 Async Requests
21.3.6. CORS Headers for SockJS
21.3.7. SockJS Client
21.4. STOMP Over WebSocket Messaging Architecture
21.4.1. Overview of STOMP
21.4.2. Enable STOMP over WebSocket
21.4.3. Flow of Messages
21.4.4. Annotation Message Handling
21.4.5. Sending Messages
21.4.6. Simple Broker
21.4.7. Full-Featured Broker
21.4.8. Connections To Full-Featured Broker
21.4.9. Using Dot as Separator in @MessageMapping Destinations
21.4.10. Authentication
21.4.11. User Destinations
21.4.12. Listening To ApplicationContext Events and Intercepting Messages
21.4.13. WebSocket Scope
21.4.14. Configuration and Performance
21.4.15. Runtime Monitoring
21.4.16. Testing Annotated Controller Methods
VI. Integration
22. Remoting and web services using Spring
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Exposing services using RMI
22.2.1. Exporting the service using the RmiServiceExporter
22.2.2. Linking in the service at the client
22.3. Using Hessian or Burlap to remotely call services via HTTP
22.3.1. Wiring up the DispatcherServlet for Hessian and co.
22.3.2. Exposing your beans by using the HessianServiceExporter
22.3.3. Linking in the service on the client
22.3.4. Using Burlap
22.3.5. Applying HTTP basic authentication to a service exposed through Hessian or Burlap
22.4. Exposing services using HTTP invokers
22.4.1. Exposing the service object
22.4.2. Linking in the service at the client
22.5. Web services
22.5.1. Exposing servlet-based web services using JAX-WS
22.5.2. Exporting standalone web services using JAX-WS
22.5.3. Exporting web services using the JAX-WS RI’s Spring support
22.5.4. Accessing web services using JAX-WS
22.6. JMS
22.6.1. Server-side configuration
22.6.2. Client-side configuration
22.7. AMQP
22.8. Auto-detection is not implemented for remote interfaces
22.9. Considerations when choosing a technology
22.10. Accessing RESTful services on the Client
22.10.1. RestTemplate
Working with the URI
Dealing with request and response headers
Jackson JSON Views support
22.10.2. HTTP Message Conversion
StringHttpMessageConverter
FormHttpMessageConverter
ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter
MarshallingHttpMessageConverter
MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter
MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter
SourceHttpMessageConverter
BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter
22.10.3. Async RestTemplate
23. Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) integration
23.1. Introduction
23.2. Accessing EJBs
23.2.1. Concepts
23.2.2. Accessing local SLSBs
23.2.3. Accessing remote SLSBs
23.2.4. Accessing EJB 2.x SLSBs versus EJB 3 SLSBs
23.3. Using Spring’s EJB implementation support classes
23.3.1. EJB 3 injection interceptor
24. JMS (Java Message Service)
24.1. Introduction
24.2. Using Spring JMS
24.2.1. JmsTemplate
24.2.2. Connections
Caching Messaging Resources
SingleConnectionFactory
CachingConnectionFactory
24.2.3. Destination Management
24.2.4. Message Listener Containers
SimpleMessageListenerContainer
DefaultMessageListenerContainer
24.2.5. Transaction management
24.3. Sending a Message
24.3.1. Using Message Converters
24.3.2. SessionCallback and ProducerCallback
24.4. Receiving a message
24.4.1. Synchronous Reception
24.4.2. Asynchronous Reception - Message-Driven POJOs
24.4.3. the SessionAwareMessageListener interface
24.4.4. the MessageListenerAdapter
24.4.5. Processing messages within transactions
24.5. Support for JCA Message Endpoints
24.6. Annotation-driven listener endpoints
24.6.1. Enable listener endpoint annotations
24.6.2. Programmatic endpoints registration
24.6.3. Annotated endpoint method signature
24.6.4. Reply management
24.7. JMS Namespace Support
25. JMX
25.1. Introduction
25.2. Exporting your beans to JMX
25.2.1. Creating an MBeanServer
25.2.2. Reusing an existing MBeanServer
25.2.3. Lazy-initialized MBeans
25.2.4. Automatic registration of MBeans
25.2.5. Controlling the registration behavior
25.3. Controlling the management interface of your beans
25.3.1. the MBeanInfoAssembler Interface
25.3.2. Using Source-Level Metadata (Java annotations)
25.3.3. Source-Level Metadata Types
25.3.4. the AutodetectCapableMBeanInfoAssembler interface
25.3.5. Defining management interfaces using Java interfaces
25.3.6. Using MethodNameBasedMBeanInfoAssembler
25.4. Controlling the ObjectNames for your beans
25.4.1. Reading ObjectNames from Properties
25.4.2. Using the MetadataNamingStrategy
25.4.3. Configuring annotation based MBean export
25.5. JSR-160 Connectors
25.5.1. Server-side Connectors
25.5.2. Client-side Connectors
25.5.3. JMX over Burlap/Hessian/SOAP
25.6. Accessing MBeans via Proxies
25.7. Notifications
25.7.1. Registering Listeners for Notifications
25.7.2. Publishing Notifications
25.8. Further Resources
26. JCA CCI
26.1. Introduction
26.2. Configuring CCI
26.2.1. Connector configuration
26.2.2. ConnectionFactory configuration in Spring
26.2.3. Configuring CCI connections
26.2.4. Using a single CCI connection
26.3. Using Spring’s CCI access support
26.3.1. Record conversion
26.3.2. the CciTemplate
26.3.3. DAO support
26.3.4. Automatic output record generation
26.3.5. Summary
26.3.6. Using a CCI Connection and Interaction directly
26.3.7. Example for CciTemplate usage
26.4. Modeling CCI access as operation objects
26.4.1. MappingRecordOperation
26.4.2. MappingCommAreaOperation
26.4.3. Automatic output record generation
26.4.4. Summary
26.4.5. Example for MappingRecordOperation usage
26.4.6. Example for MappingCommAreaOperation usage
26.5. Transactions
27. Email
27.1. Introduction
27.2. Usage
27.2.1. Basic MailSender and SimpleMailMessage usage
27.2.2. Using the JavaMailSender and the MimeMessagePreparator
27.3. Using the JavaMail MimeMessageHelper
27.3.1. Sending attachments and inline resources
Attachments
Inline resources
27.3.2. Creating email content using a templating library
A Velocity-based example
28. Task Execution and Scheduling
28.1. Introduction
28.2. The Spring TaskExecutor abstraction
28.2.1. TaskExecutor types
28.2.2. Using a TaskExecutor
28.3. The Spring TaskScheduler abstraction
28.3.1. the Trigger interface
28.3.2. Trigger implementations
28.3.3. TaskScheduler implementations
28.4. Annotation Support for Scheduling and Asynchronous Execution
28.4.1. Enable scheduling annotations
28.4.2. The @Scheduled Annotation
28.4.3. The @Async Annotation
28.4.4. Executor qualification with @Async
28.4.5. Exception management with @Async
28.5. The Task Namespace
28.5.1. The scheduler element
28.5.2. The executor element
28.5.3. The scheduled-tasks element
28.6. Using the Quartz Scheduler
28.6.1. Using the JobDetailBean
28.6.2. Using the MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
28.6.3. Wiring up jobs using triggers and the SchedulerFactoryBean
29. Dynamic language support
29.1. Introduction
29.2. A first example
29.3. Defining beans that are backed by dynamic languages
29.3.1. Common concepts
The <lang:language/> element
Refreshable beans
Inline dynamic language source files
Understanding Constructor Injection in the context of dynamic-language-backed beans
29.3.2. JRuby beans
29.3.3. Groovy beans
Customizing Groovy objects via a callback
29.3.4. BeanShell beans
29.4. Scenarios
29.4.1. Scripted Spring MVC Controllers
29.4.2. Scripted Validators
29.5. Bits and bobs
29.5.1. AOP - advising scripted beans
29.5.2. Scoping
29.6. Further Resources
30. Cache Abstraction
30.1. Introduction
30.2. Understanding the cache abstraction
30.3. Declarative annotation-based caching
30.3.1. @Cacheable annotation
Default Key Generation
Custom Key Generation Declaration
Default Cache Resolution
Custom cache resolution
Conditional caching
Available caching SpEL evaluation context
30.3.2. @CachePut annotation
30.3.3. @CacheEvict annotation
30.3.4. @Caching annotation
30.3.5. @CacheConfig annotation
30.3.6. Enable caching annotations
30.3.7. Using custom annotations
30.4. JCache (JSR-107) annotations
30.4.1. Features summary
30.4.2. Enabling JSR-107 support
30.5. Declarative XML-based caching
30.6. Configuring the cache storage
30.6.1. JDK ConcurrentMap-based Cache
30.6.2. EhCache-based Cache
30.6.3. Guava Cache
30.6.4. GemFire-based Cache
30.6.5. JSR-107 Cache
30.6.6. Dealing with caches without a backing store
30.7. Plugging-in different back-end caches
30.8. How can I set the TTL/TTI/Eviction policy/XXX feature?
VII. Appendices
31. Migrating to Spring Framework 4.0
32. Classic Spring Usage
32.1. Classic ORM usage
32.1.1. Hibernate
the HibernateTemplate
Implementing Spring-based DAOs without callbacks
32.1.2. JDO
JdoTemplate and JdoDaoSupport
32.1.3. JPA
JpaTemplate and JpaDaoSupport
32.2. Classic Spring MVC
32.3. JMS Usage
32.3.1. JmsTemplate
32.3.2. Asynchronous Message Reception
32.3.3. Connections
32.3.4. Transaction Management
33. Classic Spring AOP Usage
33.1. Pointcut API in Spring
33.1.1. Concepts
33.1.2. Operations on pointcuts
33.1.3. AspectJ expression pointcuts
33.1.4. Convenience pointcut implementations
Static pointcuts
Dynamic pointcuts
33.1.5. Pointcut superclasses
33.1.6. Custom pointcuts
33.2. Advice API in Spring
33.2.1. Advice lifecycles
33.2.2. Advice types in Spring
Interception around advice
Before advice
Throws advice
After Returning advice
Introduction advice
33.3. Advisor API in Spring
33.4. Using the ProxyFactoryBean to create AOP proxies
33.4.1. Basics
33.4.2. JavaBean properties
33.4.3. JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies
33.4.4. Proxying interfaces
33.4.5. Proxying classes
33.4.6. Using global advisors
33.5. Concise proxy definitions
33.6. Creating AOP proxies programmatically with the ProxyFactory
33.7. Manipulating advised objects
33.8. Using the "autoproxy" facility
33.8.1. Autoproxy bean definitions
BeanNameAutoProxyCreator
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
33.8.2. Using metadata-driven auto-proxying
33.9. Using TargetSources
33.9.1. Hot swappable target sources
33.9.2. Pooling target sources
33.9.3. Prototype target sources
33.9.4. ThreadLocal target sources
33.10. Defining new Advice types
33.11. Further resources
34. XML Schema-based configuration
34.1. Introduction
34.2. XML Schema-based configuration
34.2.1. Referencing the schemas
34.2.2. the util schema
<util:constant/>
<util:property-path/>
<util:properties/>
<util:list/>
<util:map/>
<util:set/>
34.2.3. the jee schema
<jee:jndi-lookup/> (simple)
<jee:jndi-lookup/> (with single JNDI environment setting)
<jee:jndi-lookup/> (with multiple JNDI environment settings)
<jee:jndi-lookup/> (complex)
<jee:local-slsb/> (simple)
<jee:local-slsb/> (complex)
<jee:remote-slsb/>
34.2.4. the lang schema
34.2.5. the jms schema
34.2.6. the tx (transaction) schema
34.2.7. the aop schema
34.2.8. the context schema
<property-placeholder/>
<annotation-config/>
<component-scan/>
<load-time-weaver/>
<spring-configured/>
<mbean-export/>
34.2.9. the tool schema
34.2.10. the jdbc schema
34.2.11. the cache schema
34.2.12. the beans schema
35. Extensible XML authoring
35.1. Introduction
35.2. Authoring the schema
35.3. Coding a NamespaceHandler
35.4. BeanDefinitionParser
35.5. Registering the handler and the schema
35.5.1. META-INF/spring.handlers
35.5.2. META-INF/spring.schemas
35.6. Using a custom extension in your Spring XML configuration
35.7. Meatier examples
35.7.1. Nesting custom tags within custom tags
35.7.2. Custom attributes on normal elements
35.8. Further Resources
36. spring.tld
36.1. Introduction
36.2. the bind tag
36.3. the escapeBody tag
36.4. the hasBindErrors tag
36.5. the htmlEscape tag
36.6. the message tag
36.7. the nestedPath tag
36.8. the theme tag
36.9. the transform tag
36.10. the url tag
36.11. the eval tag
37. spring-form.tld
37.1. Introduction
37.2. the checkbox tag
37.3. the checkboxes tag
37.4. the errors tag
37.5. the form tag
37.6. the hidden tag
37.7. the input tag
37.8. the label tag
37.9. the option tag
37.10. the options tag
37.11. the password tag
37.12. the radiobutton tag
37.13. the radiobuttons tag
37.14. the select tag
37.15. the textarea tag
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