This version is still in development and is not considered stable yet. For the latest stable version, please use spring-cloud-stream 4.1.4!

Receiving Batched Messages

With the RabbitMQ binder, there are two types of batches handled by consumer bindings:

Batches Created by Producers

Normally, if a producer binding has batch-enabled=true (see Rabbit Producer Properties), or a message is created by a BatchingRabbitTemplate, elements of the batch are returned as individual calls to the listener method. Starting with version 3.0, any such batch can be presented as a List<?> to the listener method if spring.cloud.stream.bindings.<name>.consumer.batch-mode is set to true.

Consumer-side Batching

Starting with version 3.1, the consumer can be configured to assemble multiple inbound messages into a batch which is presented to the application as a List<?> of converted payloads. The following simple application demonstrates how to use this technique:

spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input-in-0.group=someGroup

spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input-in-0.consumer.batch-mode=true

spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input-in-0.consumer.enable-batching=true
spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input-in-0.consumer.batch-size=10
spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input-in-0.consumer.receive-timeout=200

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	Consumer<List<Thing>> input() {
		return list -> {
			System.out.println("Received " + list.size());
			list.forEach(thing -> {
				System.out.println(thing);

				// ...

			});
		};
	}

	@Bean
	public ApplicationRunner runner(RabbitTemplate template) {
		return args -> {
			template.convertAndSend("input-in-0.someGroup", "{\"field\":\"value1\"}");
			template.convertAndSend("input-in-0.someGroup", "{\"field\":\"value2\"}");
		};
	}

	public static class Thing {

		private String field;

		public Thing() {
		}

		public Thing(String field) {
			this.field = field;
		}

		public String getField() {
			return this.field;
		}

		public void setField(String field) {
			this.field = field;
		}

		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "Thing [field=" + this.field + "]";
		}

	}

}

Received 2
Thing [field=value1]
Thing [field=value2]

The number of messages in a batch is specified by the batch-size and receive-timeout properties; if the receive-timeout elapses with no new messages, a "short" batch is delivered.

Consumer-side batching is only supported with container-type=simple (the default).

If you wish to examine headers of consumer-side batched messages, you should consume Message<List<?>>; the headers are a List<Map<String, Object>> in a header AmqpInboundChannelAdapter.CONSOLIDATED_HEADERS, with the headers for each payload element in the corresponding index. Again, here is a simple example:

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	Consumer<Message<List<Thing>>> input() {
		return msg -> {
			List<Thing> things = msg.getPayload();
			System.out.println("Received " + things.size());
			List<Map<String, Object>> headers =
					(List<Map<String, Object>>) msg.getHeaders().get(AmqpInboundChannelAdapter.CONSOLIDATED_HEADERS);
			for (int i = 0; i < things.size(); i++) {
				System.out.println(things.get(i) + " myHeader=" + headers.get(i).get("myHeader"));

				// ...

			}
		};
	}

	@Bean
	public ApplicationRunner runner(RabbitTemplate template) {
		return args -> {
			template.convertAndSend("input-in-0.someGroup", "{\"field\":\"value1\"}", msg -> {
				msg.getMessageProperties().setHeader("myHeader", "headerValue1");
				return msg;
			});
			template.convertAndSend("input-in-0.someGroup", "{\"field\":\"value2\"}", msg -> {
				msg.getMessageProperties().setHeader("myHeader", "headerValue2");
				return msg;
			});
		};
	}

	public static class Thing {

		private String field;

		public Thing() {
		}

		public Thing(String field) {
			this.field = field;
		}

		public String getfield() {
			return this.field;
		}

		public void setfield(String field) {
			this.field = field;
		}

		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "Thing [field=" + this.field + "]";
		}

	}

}

Received 2
Thing [field=value1] myHeader=headerValue1
Thing [field=value2] myHeader=headerValue2