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Google VertexAI Text Embeddings
Vertex AI supports two types of embeddings models, text and multimodal. This document describes how to create a text embedding using the Vertex AI Text embeddings API.
Vertex AI text embeddings API uses dense vector representations. Unlike sparse vectors, which tend to directly map words to numbers, dense vectors are designed to better represent the meaning of a piece of text. The benefit of using dense vector embeddings in generative AI is that instead of searching for direct word or syntax matches, you can better search for passages that align to the meaning of the query, even if the passages don’t use the same language.
Prerequisites
-
Install the gcloud CLI, appropriate for you OS.
-
Authenticate by running the following command. Replace
PROJECT_ID
with your Google Cloud project ID andACCOUNT
with your Google Cloud username.
gcloud config set project <PROJECT_ID> &&
gcloud auth application-default login <ACCOUNT>
Add Repositories and BOM
Spring AI artifacts are published in Spring Milestone and Snapshot repositories. Refer to the Repositories section to add these repositories to your build system.
To help with dependency management, Spring AI provides a BOM (bill of materials) to ensure that a consistent version of Spring AI is used throughout the entire project. Refer to the Dependency Management section to add the Spring AI BOM to your build system.
Auto-configuration
Spring AI provides Spring Boot auto-configuration for the VertexAI Embedding Model.
To enable it add the following dependency to your project’s Maven pom.xml
file:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
or to your Gradle build.gradle
build file.
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding-spring-boot-starter'
}
Refer to the Dependency Management section to add the Spring AI BOM to your build file. |
Embedding Properties
The prefix spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding
is used as the property prefix that lets you connect to VertexAI Embedding API.
Property | Description | Default |
---|---|---|
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.project-id |
Google Cloud Platform project ID |
- |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.location |
Region |
- |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.apiEndpoint |
Vertex AI Embedding API endpoint. |
- |
The prefix spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text
is the property prefix that lets you configure the embedding model implementation for VertexAI Text Embedding.
Property | Description | Default |
---|---|---|
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.enabled |
Enable Vertex AI Embedding API model. |
true |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.model |
This is the Vertex Text Embedding model to use |
text-embedding-004 |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.task-type |
The intended downstream application to help the model produce better quality embeddings. Available task-types |
|
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.title |
Optional title, only valid with task_type=RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT. |
- |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.dimensions |
The number of dimensions the resulting output embeddings should have. Supported for model version 004 and later. You can use this parameter to reduce the embedding size, for example, for storage optimization. |
- |
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.auto-truncate |
When set to true, input text will be truncated. When set to false, an error is returned if the input text is longer than the maximum length supported by the model. |
true |
Sample Controller
Create a new Spring Boot project and add the spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding-spring-boot-starter
to your pom (or gradle) dependencies.
Add a application.properties
file, under the src/main/resources
directory, to enable and configure the VertexAi chat model:
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.project-id=<YOUR_PROJECT_ID>
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.location=<YOUR_PROJECT_LOCATION>
spring.ai.vertex.ai.embedding.text.options.model=text-embedding-004
This will create a VertexAiTextEmbeddingModel
implementation that you can inject into your class.
Here is an example of a simple @Controller
class that uses the embedding model for embeddings generations.
@RestController
public class EmbeddingController {
private final EmbeddingModel embeddingModel;
@Autowired
public EmbeddingController(EmbeddingModel embeddingModel) {
this.embeddingModel = embeddingModel;
}
@GetMapping("/ai/embedding")
public Map embed(@RequestParam(value = "message", defaultValue = "Tell me a joke") String message) {
EmbeddingResponse embeddingResponse = this.embeddingModel.embedForResponse(List.of(message));
return Map.of("embedding", embeddingResponse);
}
}
Manual Configuration
The VertexAiTextEmbeddingModel implements the EmbeddingModel
.
Add the spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding
dependency to your project’s Maven pom.xml
file:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding</artifactId>
</dependency>
or to your Gradle build.gradle
build file.
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-vertex-ai-embedding'
}
Refer to the Dependency Management section to add the Spring AI BOM to your build file. |
Next, create a VertexAiTextEmbeddingModel
and use it for text generations:
VertexAiEmbeddigConnectionDetails connectionDetails =
VertexAiEmbeddigConnectionDetails.builder()
.withProjectId(System.getenv(<VERTEX_AI_GEMINI_PROJECT_ID>))
.withLocation(System.getenv(<VERTEX_AI_GEMINI_LOCATION>))
.build();
VertexAiTextEmbeddingOptions options = VertexAiTextEmbeddingOptions.builder()
.withModel(VertexAiTextEmbeddingOptions.DEFAULT_MODEL_NAME)
.build();
var embeddingModel = new VertexAiTextEmbeddingModel(connectionDetails, options);
EmbeddingResponse embeddingResponse = embeddingModel
.embedForResponse(List.of("Hello World", "World is big and salvation is near"));